Ada Goodrich Freer (1857–1931) was an English medium, clairvoyant, psychical researcher, and author who gained prominence during the late nineteenth century. Writing frequently under the pseudonym "Miss X," she established herself as a notable figure in the spiritualist and psychical research communities of her era, documenting various paranormal phenomena and her own alleged clairvoyant experiences in numerous publications.\n\nHer career took a dramatic turn when her activities drew the scrutiny of the Society for Psychical Research (SPR). Following rigorous investigations into her methods, Freer fell under strong suspicion of fraud, leading the Society to formally disown her. Her reputation as a genuine medium was further compromised when she was caught cheating during a séance, exposing the deceptive nature of her spiritualist practices to the public.\n\nFollowing these controversies and her subsequent social exile from British intellectual circles, Freer left England. She immigrated first to Jerusalem and later relocated to the United States, spending her final years in New York. Despite her fall from grace within scientific psychical research circles, her life and writings remain significant historical case studies of the late-Victorian spiritualist movement and the debates surrounding paranormal phenomena.
